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The Court of Justice of the European Union validates the systematic collection of IP addresses under certain conditions

Asked for a preliminary ruling from an Antwerp court, the CJEU ruled in particular on the systematic collection of IP addresses. This was an intellectual property rights holder whose copyrighted work had been sh...

The challenges of the future “restructuring and insolvency” ordinance

The law of May 22, 2019 relating to the action plan for the growth and transformation of companies, the "PACTE law", covers many areas of application with the objective of giving companies the means to adapt to ...

Liability of de facto directors vs de jure directors: a very fine line

What are the elements characterizing the de facto direction? In a recent ruling, the French Court of Cassation once again recalled the main principles applicable in this area (Com. 2 June 2021, n°20-13.735). As...

Corruption in France: the Anti-Corruption Act about to be amended

The French Parliament recently assessed the anti-corruption act of 2016 (“Sapin 2”). In their report of 7 July 2021, deputies Raphael Gauvain and Olivier Marleix issued 50 propositions aiming at “infusing ...